In ATTIC GREEK, however, TRANSFERENCE OF QUANTITY led to the length of the two adjoining vowels (long η/ α and short ο) being switched (short ε and long ω). This noun is one of a handful of second declension nouns with a nominative singular ending in – εως. This noun in other GREEK DIALECTS actually end in – ηος or – ᾱος.įor example, in Homer, the noun uses – η:įor Doric and other dialects, including Koine, the noun uses – ᾱ: This is a regular second declension noun in MOST DIALECTS, and is inflected as follows in those dialects.Īs you may suspect by now, ATTIC GREEK contracts the όο/ όω combinations, and accents the results accordingly (S 235 GPH p. Let us take a look at how they can be distinguished from each other. In Classical Greek, it is easy to confuse these two nouns: Whenever any NEUTER noun is the subject of a verb, the verb is regularly 3rd PERSON SINGULAR, even if the neuter subject is plural!ĪCCENT RULES for neuter nouns follow those of masculine second declension nouns (S 231 GPH p.The NOMINATIVE and ACCUSATIVE PLURAL also must be IDENTICAL, and end in a short – α.The NOMINATIVE and ACCUSATIVE SINGULAR must be IDENTICAL.Second declension NEUTER nouns follow the NEUTER LAWS that we learned earlier during our study of third declension nouns. Unlike the first declension, the accent of the GENITIVE PLURAL of second declension nouns is not inevitably drawn to the ultima. When this happens, a CIRCUMFLEX is used on the genitive and dative, singular and plural an ACUTE accent falls on the nominative and accusative, singular and plural. τιμή -ῆς, second declension nouns can have a persistent accent on the ultima of all inflected forms. As with the first declension, the vowel stem combines with the SECOND DECLENSION case endings in a stable, consistent way, so you actually learn the stem vowel and the personal ending together as one combined case ending (S 229). Note that the endings for the nominative and accusative singular, as well as the nominative plural, are short. Most NOUN STEMS of the second declension end in – ο. Only the article marks their feminine gender. Nouns in this declension are mostly MASCULINE and use endings similar to the masculine definite article. The nominative singular, however, adds – ς. The few FEMININE nouns in this declension use exactly the same endings as the masculine. The rim is inscribed with part of an inscription reading: “of the Bouleuterion.” Athenian Agora Excavations. 20 Marble basin fragment, written in the Attic alphabet, ca.
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